Dear readers, We are proving a Voice Rules for your practice those help to increase your accuracy and confidence level in competitive examinations SSC, LIC, UPSC, IBPS PO, IBPS CLERK, RRB PO, RRB CLERK, CDS, NDA, Railway, Air Force, Bank and Other Examinations.
What is Active Voice?
When
the subject of a verb performs an action the verb is said to be in the active
voice. The effect of the action may or may not fall on an object, that is, the
verb may or may not have an object. For example:
The boy kicked the ball. (Passive)
The girl
cries. (Active)
In the first sentence, ‘kicked’ is the
verb or the action; the ‘boy’ is the subject or the ‘doer’ who performs that
action; and the ‘ball’ is the object on whom the effect of that action is directed.
In the second sentence, ‘cries’ is the
verb or the action; and the ‘girl’ is the subject or the doer of that action.
There is no object because the effect of the girl’s crying cannot be directed
at another object.
What is Passive Voice?
When the object of a verb appears to
perform an action so that the effect of that action appears to fall on the
subject the verb is said to be in the passive voice. For example:
The work
was completed on time. (Active)
The song
was sung beautifully by the singer. (Passive)
A sentence in the active voice can be
converted to form a sentence in the passive voice. For example:
A film was watched by us.
A kite was
flown by me.
Rules for changing voice
Only sentences containing transitive verbs can
be changed from the active voice to the passive voice. A subject—that is, a
‘doer’ of the action—is required to change a sentence from the passive to the
active voice. For example:
My mother cut the fruit. (Active)
The fruit was cut by my mother. (Passive)
Here, the object ‘fruit’ is acted upon
by the doer ‘mother’.
Subject should be placed in place of
Object and object should be in place of Subject. “By” is used with a noun or a pronoun for showing doer
Simple Present Tense (Indefinite)
Use am, is or are with a past
participle to form the passive voice. For example:
The caretaker locks the door. (Active)
The doors are locked by the caretaker. (Passive)
The waiter carries the trays. (Active)
The trays are carried by the waiter. (Passive)
Simple Past Tense (indefinite)
Use was or were with a past participle to form
the passive voice. For example:
Dad drove us home. (Active)
We were driven home by Dad. (Passive)
He caught the ball. (Active)
The ball was caught by him. (Passive)
Simple Future Tense (Indefinite)
Use shall or will with be, followed by
a past participle, to form the passive voice. For example:
The choir will sing the next hymn (Active)
The next hymn will be sung by the choir. (Passive)
We will celebrate her birthday. (Active)
Her birthday will be celebrated by us (Passive)
Present Tense (Continuous)
Use am, is or are with being followed by a
past participle, to form the passive voice. For example:
The waves are washing away the sandcastle.
(Active)
The sandcastle is being washed away by the waves.
(Passive)
She is working on the computer. (Active)
The computer is being worked upon by her (Passive)
Past Tense (continuous)
Use was or were with being, followed by
a past participle, to form the passive voice. For example:
Jimmy was making our costumes (Active)
Our costumes were being made by Jimmy. (Passive)
She was reading a book. (Active)
The book was being read by her. (Passive)
Present Tense (Perfect)
Use have or has with been, followed by a past participle,
to form the passive voice. For example:
Ali has scored two goals. (Active)
Two goals have been scored by Ali. (Passive)
I have seen that movie. (Active)
That movie has been seen by me (Passive)
Past Tense (Perfect)
Use had with been, followed by a part
participle, to form the passive voice. For example:
The hunter had caught a fox. (Active)
A fox had been caught by the hunter (Passive)
Sheila had given a gift to Rina. (Active)
A gift had been given to Rina by Sheila. (Passive)
Future Tense (Perfect)
Use will have or shall have with been,
followed by a part participle, to form the passive voice. For example:
I shall have finished the work (Active
Voice)
The work will have been finished by me (Passive
Voice)
He will have posted the letter (Active
Voice)
The letter will have been posted by him
(Passive Voice)
Note: Tense “Future
continuous “and any “perfect continuous” cannot be changed in Passive voice
Active
and Passive Voice ( Interrogative Sentences)
Do/Does
Normal structure of interrogative
sentence in active voice starting with do/does is
Do/does +
subject + verb + object? For example:
Does she cook the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cook’ is verb and ‘the food’ is object.
While changing the sentence into passive,
this structure becomes
Am/is/are +
subject + Verb 3rd form + by + agent? For example:
Is the food cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’
is Verb 3rd form (past
participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
Does Shubham write homework? (Active Voice)
Is homework written by Shubham? (Passive Voice)
Does Simran learn English? (Active Voice)
Is English learnt by Simran? (Passive Voice)
Am/Is/Are
Normal structure of interrogative
sentence in active voice starting with am/is/are is
Am/is/are +
subject + verb + ing + object? For
example:
Is she cooking the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cooking’ is
verb and ‘the food’ is object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
Am/is/are +
subject + being + Verb 3rd form + by + agent ? For example:
Is the food being cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in
passive voice, ‘cooked’ is Verb 3rd
form (past participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
Note: You might have noticed that whenever there is verb +
ing in active voice, we are using being + V-3 in passive voice.
See some more examples
Is Shubham writing homework? (Active Voice)
Is homework being written by Shubham? (Passive Voice)
Is Simran learning English? (Active Voice)
Is English being learnt by Simran? (Passive Voice)
Did
Normal structure of interrogative
sentence in active voice starting with did is
Did + subject
+ verb + object ? For example:
Did she
cook the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cook’ is verb and ‘the food’ is
object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
Was/were +
subject + Verb 3rd form + by + agent ? For example:
Was the food cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in passive voice, ‘cooked’
is Verb 3rd form (past
participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
Did Simran learn English? (Active Voice)
Was English learnt by Simran? (Passive Voice)
Did Sachin play cricket? (Active Voice)
Was cricket played by Sachin? (Passive Voice)
Was/Were
Normal structure of interrogative
sentence in active voice starting with was/were is
Was/were +
subject + verb + ing + object ? For
example:
Was she cooking the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cooking’ is verb and ‘the food’ is
object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
Was/were +
subject + being + Verb 3rd form + by + agent ? For example:
Was the food being cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in
passive voice, ‘cooked’ is Verb 3rd
form (past participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
Was Shubham writing homework? (Active Voice)
Was homework being written by Shubham? (Passive Voice)
Was Sachin playing cricket? (Active Voice)
Was cricket being played by Sachin? (Passive Voice)
Have/has/had
Normal structure of interrogative
sentence in active voice starting with have/has/had is
Have/has/had
+ subject + Verb3rd form + object ? For example:
Has she cooked the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cooked’ is Verb3rd
form (past participle) of cook and ‘the food’ is object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
Have/has/had
+ subject + been + Verb 3rd form + by + agent ? For example:
Has the food been cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in
passive voice, ‘cooked’ is Verb 3rd
form (past participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
Has Simran learnt English? (Active Voice)
Has English been learnt by Simran? (Passive Voice)
Had Sachin played cricket? (Active Voice)
Had cricket been played by Sachin? (Passive Voice)
Modals
Normal structure of interrogative sentence
in active voice starting with modals is
Modal +
subject + verb + object ? For example:
Can she cook the food? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘cook’ is V-3 verb and ‘the food’ is
object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
Modal +
subject + be + Verb 3rd form + by + agent ? For example:
Can the food be cooked by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘The food’ becomes subject in
passive voice, ‘cooked’ is Verb 3rd
form (past participle) of cook, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
Should Shubham write homework? (Active Voice)
Should homework be written by Shubham? (Passive Voice)
Would Simran learn English? (Active Voice)
Would English be learnt by Simran? (Passive Voice)
‘Wh’ questions
Questions starting with what, why,
where, when, who, whom etc are known as ‘wh’ questions
Normal structure of ‘wh’ questions in
active voice is
‘Wh’ word +
auxiliary + subject + verb + object? For
example:
Why did she punish you? (Active Voice)
Here ‘she’ is subject, ‘punish’ is verb and ‘you’ is object.
While changing the sentence into
passive, this structure becomes
‘Wh’ word +
auxiliary + subject + Verb 3rd form + agent ? For example:
Why were you punished by her? (Passive Voice)
Here ‘you’ becomes subject in passive
voice, ‘punished’ is Verb 3rd
form (past participle) of punish, and ‘her’ is agent (doer)
See some more examples
When are you giving her the key? (Active Voice)
When the key is being given to her by you? (Passive Voice)
Which book did you purchase? (Active Voice)
Which book was purchased by you? (Passive Voice)
In such kind of sentences who acts as subject.
See some examples
Who wrote this letter? (Active Voice)
By whom this letter was written? (Passive Voice)
Who will call him? (Active Voice)
By whom he will be called? (Passive Voice)
In such kind of sentences whom acts as subject.
Whom have the people elected? (Active Voice)
Who has been elected by the people? (Passive Voice)
Whom have the selectors selected? (Active Voice)
Who has been selected by the selectors? (Passive Voice)
Hello
ReplyDelete